Authored by Mandy Kryzsiak, MSW Candidate
The Understory Group Intern
Eating disorders and suicide are two critical issues that, while often discussed separately, are deeply interconnected. The relationship between them is complex and multifaceted, making it essential to address both comprehensively. In this blog post, we’ll explore how eating disorders can elevate suicide risk, the underlying factors contributing to this connection, and ways to provide support and seek help.
The Connection Between Eating Disorders and Suicide
EDs are serious, life-threatening psychiatric diseases that affect nearly every facet of the body. Moreover, those affected by EDs often experience emotional dysregulation, regardless of whether they are malnourished or not. Such mood imbalances can lead to self-destructive behaviors such as self-injurious behaviors and thoughts of suicide. Individuals struggling with an ED often will try to find a way to suppress the feelings of helplessness, self-hatred, shame, and fear. Thus, engaging in harmful behaviors. Research shows that adults with a history of an ED are five to six times more likely to attempt suicide than those who do not have an ED. Current data suggest that the prevalence of suicide risk in EDs is not just in those with Anorexia Nervosa.
Estimates indicate that approximately 20-30% of individuals with ED have experienced suicidal thoughts at some point. This rate is notably higher than that observed in individuals with other eating disorders, such as Bulimia Nervosa (BN) or Anorexia Nervosa (AN), though those disorders also carry significant suicide risks. Several factors can increase suicidal thinking in those with EDs. Such factors include adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), past substance misuse, difficulty regulating emotions, co-occurring psychiatric conditions such as depression and mood disorders, and a previous suicide attempt. Furthermore, both eating disorders and suicidal behavior are influenced by genetic and neurobiological factors. Imbalances in brain chemicals, such as serotonin, which regulate mood and impulse control, may play a role in both conditions.
The intersection of eating disorders and suicide is a critical area of concern that demands compassionate understanding and proactive intervention. By recognizing the signs, seeking appropriate help, and offering unwavering support, we can urgently address these intertwined challenges. If you or someone you know is struggling, don’t hesitate to reach out to mental health professionals and support networks.
If you or someone you know is in immediate danger, contact emergency services or a crisis hotline for support.
Crisis Line- TXT 988
Eating Disorder support and resources:
The National Alliance for Eating Disorder Awareness
References
Ahn, J., Lee, J. H., & Jung, Y. C. (2019). Predictors of Suicide Attempts in Individuals with Eating Disorders. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 49(3), 789–797. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12477
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2023). Suicide prevention. Available at: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/suicide-prevention
]Smith, A. R., Ortiz, S. N., Forrest, L. N., Velkoff, E. A., & Dodd, D. R. (2018). Which Comes First? An Examination of Associations and Shared Risk Factors for Eating Disorders and Suicidality. Current psychiatry reports, 20(9), 77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-018-0931-x
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